RFM69 library and Moteino R3

This is the library that I’ve been working on for the new RFM69 modules from HopeRF. I consider this an initial beta release and it surely is a work in progress, it may contain bugs, but the provided Gateway and Node examples should work out of the box and illustrate basic usage. Please let me know if you find issues. The syntax is a little similar to that of the RFM12B library, but I went with some new conventions on naming and overall structure to improve readability and overall code quality.

This is a video introduction to Moteino R3:

This is a new product and the library needs more testing and performance tuning. The library currently is tuned for fixed 433/868/915 Mhz frequencies, and a 50khz bitrate, 50khz frequency deviation. I am hoping others will contribute and test the library to find the best combination of these settings and power level vs range vs frequency vs bitrate, etc.

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Wireless programming update

The initial code commit for wireless programming was a little sluggish and the performance wasn’t very good. I had to add delays to make sure everything was synch-ed and the protocol was working. The result was a rather slow wireless upload of a new sketch, especially if it was a large sketch. But it worked…

Today I worked on improving the protocol and was able to cut down the over-the-air upload time by a factor of ~5. The gains are mostly from improved serial communication. This will still take about twice as long as normal sketch uploads by means of an FTDI adapter. For instance, a 9,8Kbyte sketch takes me about 11 seconds to upload directly to a Moteino using an FTDI cable; wirelessly programming that same sketch takes about 22 seconds. Not bad given how involved the whole handshaking protocol works. And much better than almost 1 minute with the old code. So I’m classifying this new release as a beta. More improvements or bug fixes might be added later, but it’s definitely a functional release. I’ve uploaded different sketches of around 10KB several times without a glitch.

The wireless sketches examples (gateway and node) and the python script are in their github repo. The SPIFlash library was also updated (the WirelessHEX part of it), so get latest before you try this.

As mentioned before, the target node of the wireless programming protocol will need to have an SPI Flash chip attached (if they don’t have one already), and also run the DualOptiboot bootloader for this to work. Moteinos come with this bootloader (all orders since the other Wireless Programming post and code was released). If you have all these components right, any Arduino clone with an RFM12B transceiver and an SPI Flash chip of at least 32Kbytes of memory will do the job.

Just for fun, here’s how the end of a wireless upload looks like, notice there were 617 packets sent all the way from the PC (through the python script) to the attached Moteino (gateway), wirelessly to the remote Moteino (target node):

Transmission_end

SPIFlash memory library for Arduino/Moteino

I posted the SPIFlash library I was talking about in previous posts. I have not found a convenient library for that purpose hence this library written by myself.

Get it at my Github repository: http://github.com/LowPowerLab/SPIFlash
Also added a basic usage example under the library.

The All-About-Moteino page describes how you can add a flash chip to your Moteino or even to your Arduino. To access this chip you will need a library such as this one to conveniently read or write bytes to the chip. I would recommend getting used to the chip itself by doing some reading in the datasheet of the chip you are using – there are some particularities as to how these chips work. The library attemps to abstract most of these things so you don’t have to worry about them. At the very least please read the comments in the code for now. Soon I will hopefully add more info and tutorials. Stay tuned for the complete solution code for wireless/in-field programming of Arduino/Moteino using this library. I am working to get all that code organized and posted on this blog.

RFM12B library

I’ve been using the RF12 library from Jeelabs for some time for my Moteino testing. This worked just fine and it was a great starting point. However some things were really confusing and I spent a lot of time redoing the same thing over and over again (eg. copy paste from known working code) just because there was a lot of code-overhead to do simple things like sending, receiving, and ACK management, and of course I couldn’t remember any of the functions or macros. Right from start, the need emerged to tweak it into a more flexible and more configurable library, so I kept hacking and modding it until it dawned on me… a new library had to be born. So I decided to completely rewrite it, and wrap the useful functionality in a dedicated C++ class. I modified some of the core features of the Jeelabs version, like adding another header byte to allow 7-bit source and destination addresses (Jeelabs only supports either source or destination in an attempt to save 1 byte), and allow low level configuration of the radio. This yielded a clean and easy to use, yet powerful library (at least it made my life easy). Here’s a summary:

  • easy API with a few simple functions for basic usage
  • 127 possible nodes on 256 possible networks
  • 66 128 bytes max message length
  • customizable transmit power (8 levels) for low-power transmission control
  • customizable air-Kbps rate allows fine tuning the transmission reliability vs speed (transmitting slower is more reliable but takes more time which implies more power usage)
  • Sleep/Wakeup functionality for power saving
  • Low battery detector with customizable low voltage threshold
  • Interrupt driven
  • Support for targeted ACK instead of broadcasted ACK (possible because of the new source byte in the header)
  • encryption with XXTEA algorithm by David Wheeler, adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XXTEA
  • Support for these chips: ATMega8 family (ATmega168, ATMega328) ATMega2560, ATMega1280, ATMega644P, ATTiny84, ATTiny44, ATMega32u4. So far only tested on ATMega 328/P
  • The source code and examples are on GitHub: RFM12 Library

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